Produce safety, US and UAE versions

From Abu Dhabi to Akron, Ohio, people are worried about the safety of leafy greens – spinach, lettuce, rocket, whatever.

Gulf News reports that locally grown fresh salad vegetables in the UAE are, according to academics, contaminated by dangerous bacteria because of unhygienic farm practices and improper food handling from the farm to the table.

They also warned nearly 43 per cent of water wells in the country are contaminated with bacteria that exceed the standard level of safe lettuceconsumption, even for irrigation of crops.

“If there is a serious epidemic or outbreak of life-threatening gastrointestinal disease we will know the source, namely, the contaminated salad greens we are eating nearly every day,” said Dr Dennis J. Russell, professor of biology, department of biology, chemistry and environmental science at the American University of Sharjah.

Research over the past five years showed the presence of persistent coliform and E. coli contamination sequestered within the leaves of the locally grown popular fresh salad vegetable knows locally as jarjeer (ccientific name rocket/rocca) and other salad greens, Dr Russells told Gulf News.

‘All of the samples of jarjeer were found contaminated with E. coli and 100 per cent of the latest samples were also contaminated with large amounts of Salmonella. Tests of other locally grown greens show they too are contaminated with these bacteria, although to a lesser extent,” Dr Russell said.

Michael Doyle, director of the Center for Food Safety at the University of Georgia told the Daily Herald that a recent study released by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention fingered produce as the leading cause of food poisoning in the U.S.

Doyle said the more cracks and grooves on the skin of a fruit or vegetable, the more easily bacteria can hide. Melons also have a neutral pH, so they offer a perfect growing environment for bacteria.

The problem of contaminated melons is often made worse by grocery stores that sell cut pieces, but often don’t store them in a cold enough lettuce.skull.e.coli.O145environment.

Doyle recalls walking into an upscale grocery store in South Carolina one summer, where a metal tank with ice in the bottom was filled with containers of cut melon. The bottom inch of the containers was inside the ice, leaving the majority of the melon in an environment warm enough for bacteria to multiply rapidly.

In the CDC’s new study, however, leafy greens like lettuce and spinach were revealed as the worst culprits for food poisoning in the study period, between 1998 and 2008.

Salad greens marked “washed and ready to eat” or “triple-washed” remain an area of debate among food safety experts.

Some experts contend that the triple-washing with chlorine that takes place during processing is enough to kill what bacteria can be killed, and advise against washing bagged greens because the risk of cross-contamination in the home kitchen is a greater concern.

Doyle says not to buy bagged greens at all. He advises buying whole heads of lettuce or greens, removing the outer surface layers where bacteria is most likely to be present, and then washing the greens under cold running water.

Doyle has conducted studies that show the cutting and bagging of lettuce in processing plants can actually trap bacteria inside the lettuce leaves, meaning that no amount of scrubbing or washing will ever get rid of the germs. If greens are cut before they are washed — as they commonly are during processing — the bacteria become internalized by the leaves, trapping the germs inside the produce.

As risky as bagged greens can be, Doyle said an even greater concern should be the consumption of raw sprouts like bean and alfalfa.

He believes the only reason they weren’t first on the list of illness-causing produce in the CDC study is that folks just don’t eat nearly as many of them as they do items like lettuce, tomatoes or melon.

He said sprouts, due to their high levels of contamination, should never be consumed raw.

26 sickened; woman shares survival story after E. coli outbreak linked to Calif. lettuce

Belle Bourque of Westville, Nova Scotia, spent almost a month in hospital with E. coli O157:H7 after eating lettuce at a restaurant over the holidays.

“You know, one minute you’re healthy, you’re living a normal life and then ‘boom,’ you’re dying.”

Belle Bourque.e.coli.lettuce.13She spent nearly a month in hospital as E. coli bacteria attacked her kidneys.

“I’m sure if it wasn’t for the good doctors and the good Lord and all the prayers, I wouldn’t be here.”

Bourque’s case was one of more than a dozen confirmed in Nova Scotia and New Brunswick, along with 13 in Ontario.

In early Jan. 2013, the Public Health Agency of Canada said the most probable cause of 26 confirmed E. coli O157:H7 illnesses in the Maritimes and Ontario was shredded lettuce grown in California and distributed by FreshPoint Inc. primarily to some KFC and KFC-Taco Bell restaurants.

The silence from the California Greens Marketing Agreement has been lettucedeafening.

A table of leafy green outbreaks is available at http://bites.ksu.edu/leafy-greens-related-outbreaks.

No one in the Bourque family has eaten lettuce since Belle fell ill, and they don’t plan to unless it comes out of their own garden.

Lettuce sickens, hacks hack; ‘leafy green marketing agreements set a bar, but it’s still too low’

Last week, Western Growers released food safety guidelines for the production, harvest and processing of fresh culinary herbs.

According to The Packer, in April 2011, the Food and Drug Administration urged the industry to take action to improve the safety of fresh cilantro. In response, Western Growers lettucestarted an initiative to develop commodity-specific guidelines for all fresh herbs as opposed to cilantro only.

Good.

But in the wake of the U.S. Centers for Disease Control study fingering produce as the biggest source of foodborne illness amongst known outbreaks, several groups decided this was an ideal moment to lecture consumers rather than explain the food safety challenges of fresh.

And none of them mentioned cantaloupe.

Bad.

ConAgra Foods, purveyors of peanut butter and pot pies that have poisoned hundreds of Americans, teamed with the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics to tell Americans, rather than avoid certain foods, practice safe food handling at home instead.

My Food Safety Network apparently lives on at the University of Guelph, dispensing advice I never would have provided, because there is little evidence consumers can do much when it comes to fresh produce.

And then there’s the blandness of FightBac, which used the study to remind people, “Any day is a good day to share a reminder about the importance of checking food safety steps at home!”

I’m not even sure that’s a sentence.

Much better and more realistic is the effort by Matt McClure of the Calgary Herald, who wrote the faraway fields of California were the source last year of lettuce tainted with a potentially-fatal bacteria that sickened scores of Canadians in at least three outbreaks.

Media attention has focused on a recent surge of 30 illnesses in the eastern half of the country linked to E. coli-tainted iceberg lettuce distributed to fast-food restaurants, and another outbreak last spring
lettuce.tomato.skullinvolving 23 patients in New Brunswick and Quebec who ate bagged romaine lettuce that was laden with the bacteria.

But federal documents — not made public until now — also show a Calgary senior was one of at least three patients who fell sick in a separate outbreak last summer that was also linked to tainted lettuce.

The 84-year-old woman — whom the Herald has agreed not to identify — died last month after being in and out of hospital for months following a severe infection from a strain of E.coli O157: H7 that was a genetic match to the bacteria found in a package of Tanimura and Antle brand lettuce.

“You assume the companies providing a product have all the controls in place to make sure it’s safe,” the woman’s daughter said.

“For our family, that assumption proved deadly.”

The leafy greens marketing types remain under the Sponge Bob cone of silence.

Mansour Samadpour, a microbiologist and lab executive based in Washington, said illness statistics show that programs like California’s Leafy Green Marketing Agreement are failing to make salads safer.

More than 1,200 people around North America have fallen sick after eating the product in the half decade since the program was introduced, twice the number who became ill in the previous five-year period.

“The size and number of lettuce outbreaks in Canada during the last year suggest a serious situation, one that’s arguably worse than the recall of tainted beef from XL Foods,” Samadpour said.

“The leafy green marketing agreements set a bar, but it’s still too low.”

While some retailers like Costco require testing of their suppliers, Samadpour said some in the produce industry balk at the additional cost of about four cents a bag.

“The industry says we triple wash with chlorine but we know that’s not effective in killing bacteria if they are present in large numbers,” Michael Doyle said.

“I think we need to require a reliable regimen of testing of these bagged products, but the problem is it costs money.”

He said one large manufacturer had confessed to him recently it was cheaper to recall product found to be tainted than to have advanced food safety interventions at their processing plants.

Tanimura and Antle did not respond to a request for an interview about its food safety program and how its tainted shipment of lettuce to Canada last summer was only detected when a CFIA official took a random swab at an import facility in Winnipeg.

Leafy greens cone of slience.

A table of leafy green outbreaks is available at http://bites.ksu.edu/leafy-greens-related-outbreaks.

The abstract of the CDC report is below:

Each year, >9 million foodborne illnesses are estimated to be caused by major pathogens acquired in the United States. Preventing these illnesses is challenging because resources are limited and linking individual illnesses to a particular food is rarely possible except during an outbreak. We developed a method of attributing illnesses to food commodities that uses data from outbreaks associated with both simple and complex foods. Using data from outbreak-associated illnesses for 1998–2008, we estimated annual US foodborne illnesses, hospitalizations, and deaths attributable to each of 17 food commodities. We attributed 46% of illnesses to produce and found that more deaths were attributed to poultry than to any other commodity. To the extent that these estimates reflect the commodities causing all foodborne illness, they indicate that efforts are particularly needed to prevent contamination of produce and poultry. Methods to incorporate data from other sources are needed to improve attribution estimates for some commodities and agents.

http://wwwnc.cdc.gov/eid/article/19/3/11-1866_article.htm

26 sick; leafy green cone of silence descends again

On Jan. 4, 2013, the California leafy greens folks were quickly out with a press release praising the passage of proposed rules regarding produce food safety under the Food Safety Modernization Act (FSMA) spongebob.oil.colbert.may3.10and how California growers were way ahead of the government.

Yesterday, the Public Health Agency of Canada said the most probable cause of 26 confirmed E. coli O157:H7 illnesses in the Maritimes and Ontario was shredded lettuce grown in California and distributed by FreshPoint Inc. primarily to some KFC and KFC-Taco Bell restaurants.

The silence from the California Greens Marketing Agreement has been deafening.

A table of leafy green outbreaks is available at http://bites.ksu.edu/leafy-greens-related-outbreaks.

Woman shows WFTV live frog in unopened bag of lettuce in Florida

A Minneola woman told WFTV she bought a bag of Market Fresh lettuce at a Walmart and found a frog alive inside. 

Dwanita Pitman said she couldn’t believe it when she discovered a frog crawling around the bag of Market Side salad mix that she bought on Thursday. 

The woman said she noticed the frog in the bagged lettuce after she washed some grapes and went to put them back in the crisper drawer. 

“I noticed, like, legs and a hand print,” Pitman said. “I was like, ‘Oh, my gosh, babe. Oh, my gosh. Something’s in this bag, something’s in this bag, and it’s moving.'” 

Food and Drug Administration officials were at the woman’s Lake County home conducting an investigation, but would not comment on the issue. 

After making this discovery, Pitman called the company that made the salad mix. She also called the FDA and WFTV. 

“I was like, somebody has got to see this. Nobody’s going to believe this, that it stays alive and the bag’s not open,” Pitman said. 

Pittman said the incident is so crazy, some may doubt her story, but she said it’s not a hoax, and she’s not looking to sue. 

“I don’t have anything to gain,” she said. 

Walmart released the following statement: 

“Thanks for bringing this to our attention. This fails to meet our high standards of quality food at every level. 

“We have reached out directly to the customer to express our sincerest apologies. 

“The store has removed the product with this lot number from its shelves and we’re currently working with our supplier to find out how this could have happened.”

 

Violating food: washing greens and throwing croutons

Who throws croutons?

Amy got so mad at me she threw a bag of croutons from the kitchen into the living room.

Sorenne was asleep, I was upstairs, but somewhat curious to find my bag of homemade, delicious croutons under the couch in the morning.

The outburst had more to do with the crims next door (10 feet next door) who get raided by the tactical unit every two months (armored vehicles and cops in Ninja suits) and run a diesel generator to power whatever it is they need to power because their electricity was cut off 2 months ago.

But the croutons were innocent bystanders, out because I was about to make a Caesar salad with Romaine or cos lettuce, a huge head for $0.99 (it’s spring in Brisbane).

Lettuce has done far more harm to people than croutons, but it wasn’t handy.

The question of whether to re-wash pre-washed leafy greens comes up continually.

I like the head, and wash the leaves thoroughly. Amy prefers the mix. But did the stuff out for sale at the shops come from bags of prewashed stuff? And does washing do much?

A review paper published in Food Protection Trends, in 2007 contained guidelines developed by a panel of food safety types and concluded:

“… leafy green salad in sealed bags labeled ‘washed’ or ‘ready-to-eat’ that are produced in a facility inspected by a regulatory authority and operated under cGMPs, does not need additional washing at the time of use unless specifically directed on the label.”

The panel also advised that additional washing of ready-to-eat green salads is not likely to enhance safety.

“The risk of cross contamination from food handlers and food contact surfaces used during washing may outweigh any safety benefit that further washing may confer.”

But what if it’s not labeled?

I asked the manager of one of the shops a while ago, should I be washing this stuff in the bins or did it arrive pre-washed.

He said, my wife washes everything whether it says pre-washed or not.

I said I do the cooking.

And then I said a lot of science types say not to rewash pre-washed greens.

He scoffed.


Consumers are not expected to wash greens at salad bars (that could be messy), so why would they be expected to wash greens, sold like at a salad bar, and in the absence of any labeling?

A table of leafy green related outbreak is available at http://bites.ksu.edu/leafy-greens-related-outbreaks.

Keep the croutons out of it.

Rollerskating turtle tries to steal lettuce from grocery store

I got a huge head of lettuce for $0.49 yesterday – it is spring here in Brisbane.

French prankster/humorist Remi Gaillard decided to enter a grocery store on rollerskates in a turtle costume, grab some lettuce and try to get away. Gaillard doesn’t make it out of the store with the lettuce though, thanks to a somewhat bewildered store employee that sort of stifles Gaillard’s attempt. 

Oh, the Brits: Attack of the poisoned lettuces! The dangers lurking in pre-packaged salad leaves

There’s a hot mess of a story about lettuce in the UK’s Daily Mail this weekend, that seems to capitulate between pre-packed lettuce and head lettuce, which have different consumer washing requirements for safety.

The story also leaves the impression that food safety lies with consumers and that washing does a lot.

Washing does a little.

Preventing or limiting contamination on the farm is far more important, especially for produce.

The Daily Mail story begins, “It is there on every packet of salad: ‘wash before eating’. But how many of us will simply rip open the wrapping and empty the contents into a salad bowl, or tear it into a sandwich without a second thought?

“Doing so could yield unpleasant results, says the Food Standards Agency (FSA), the Government’s advisory body.”

The Mail on Sunday conducted a special investigation – and discovered food-poisoning bacteria could be present in one in 20 lettuces in some supermarkets.

We bought 120 whole lettuces, all British-grown, including little gem, round and cos, purchasing 20 from each of six different supermarkets: Waitrose, Marks & Spencer, Tesco, Sainsbury’s, Morrisons and Asda.

All the lettuces were taken to a food-testing laboratory and screened for Listeria monocytogenes and E.coli.

Of the 120 lettuces we tested, three were contaminated: 2.5 per cent, or one in 40.

A Morrisons lettuce contained 20 cfu/g, while one from Waitrose contained 490 cfu/g.

Of the high E.coli reading, a Waitrose spokesperson comments: ‘While we strictly enforce the highest hygiene standards at all farms supplying us, we would always recommend people follow Government advice and wash all produce.’

A spokesman for Morrisons said: ‘There’s nothing here to be concerned about but we recommend all customers follow the FSA’s recommendation that all lettuce be washed.’

Nothing to be concerned about; move along. But there is a difference between pre-packaged and other kinds of lettuce.

Bob Martin, a microbiologist at the FSA, seems to get it, when he says , “Most produce in the shops is deceptive because it looks clean. But unless it’s labelled ‘washed and ready to eat’ it must always be thoroughly washed.”

Washing pre-washed leafy greens in the home isn’t going to accomplish further risk-reduction than what was applied at processing.

A review paper published in Food Protection Trends in 2007 contained guidelines developed by a U.S. national panel of food safety types and concluded:

"… leafy green salad in sealed bags labeled ‘washed’ or ‘ready-to-eat’ that are produced in a facility inspected by a regulatory authority and operated under cGMPs, does not need additional washing at the time of use unless specifically directed on the label.”?The panel also advised that additional washing of ready-to-eat green salads is not likely to enhance safety.

“The risk of cross contamination from food handlers and food contact surfaces used during washing may outweigh any safety benefit that further washing may confer."

A table of leafy green-related outbreak is available at http://bites.ksu.edu/leafy-greens-related-outbreaks.

I’m not sure there’s any data out there that shows washing would have reduced risk in any of those outbreaks.

Calif. lettuce positive for E. coli O157:H7 in Canada

Canadians are being warned by the Canadian Food Inspection Agency not to eat Tanimura & Antle brand Romaine Lettuce from Salinas, Calif. because it may be contaminated with E. coli O157:H7.

The affected product, Tanimura & Antle brand Romaine Lettuce, produce of USA, is sold in a plastic package containing 1 head of lettuce. The package bears the UPC0 27918?? The affected product was sold at retail from August 8, 2012 through August 17, 2012.

This product has been distributed in Ontario, Manitoba, Saskatchewan, Alberta, British Columbia, Nunavut and Yukon.

There have been no reported illnesses associated with the consumption of this product.

Burger King fires Ohio employee in lettuce photo posted online

The employee at an Ohio Burger King who posted a photo of him/herself standing in tubs of lettuce to anonymous Internet playground 4chan with the caption "This is the lettuce you eat at Burger King," has been fired.

Burger King’s Manager of Global Communications, Denise Wilson, sent Fox 8 News the following statement:

“Burger King Corp. has recently been made aware of a photo posted on a social networking site that allegedly shows a Burger King® restaurant employee violating the company’s stringent food handling procedures. Food safety is a top priority at all Burger King® restaurants and the company maintains a zero-tolerance policy against any violations such as the one in question.

“The restaurant where this photo was allegedly taken is independently-owned and operated by a Burger King® franchisee. The franchisee has taken swift action to investigate this matter and terminated the employee involved in this incident.”